Boy in the Striped Pyjamas Film Essay

I am upset about living in this appalling spot. I totally abhor it; I can’t accept we moved from the best house EVER!!! With 5 stories on the off chance that you incorporated the cellar and the highest floor with the window where on the off potential for success that I have on the finish of my toes I could see the entire of Berlin, to this spot which I’m almost certain is the most noticeably terrible house ever. I miss Berlin so much however above all else I miss you and granddad. This house is tiny as well, and I mean it is small! It just has 3 stories which implies there isn't a great deal of investigating to be done like in Berlin, in Berlin I had investigated each and every spot I could consider yet then I discover something new out of nowhere. Additionally mother and father don’t let me investigate in the new back nursery since it is ‘out of bounds’. What ever that implies. There’s nothing to investigate in the front nursery either on the grounds that it’s so little. Baffled, I stood and looked through my window. There were such a significant number of ranchers taking a shot at one enormous field with little cottages that vanished into the distance†¦ what appalled me above all else was that even children beginning from the period of around 4 were working and they looked so anorexic. Each time the officers yelled the children would cluster consistently nearer together. They all appeared to be so frightened as though they were being compelled to, well All of the ranchers looked extremely thin, practically anorexic. One of the farmers’ even works in our kitchen stripping the entirety of the vegetables. I discovered it extremely dreary with nothing to do so I chose to make a swing. To make the swing I required some rope which was anything but difficult to track down, and a tire which was a little trickier†¦ I interfered with Gretel while she was being a tease so I could inquire as to whether he had an extra tire. After a long and exhausting visit he gave me one and I made my swing. When I had wrapped up the swing, I delighted in it truly well. Be that as it may, at that point I fell and hurt my knee downright terrible. I figured I would seep to death yet then a rancher called Pavel that worked in our kitchen ran over and helped me. After he had cleaned and bound my cut mother had at long last shown up. She had made sense of what happened very quickly, she didn't look satisfied.

Which Has Exerted a Bigger Effect on War the End of the Cold War, or Globalization Free Essays

Back in mankind's history, there could be discovered more than 14, 400 records of wars that have happened previously, by ending the lives of billions and influencing the social and political request around the world. Wars in the contemporary world have bit by bit been changing in structure, fundamentally because of globalization, by covering in various circles of fierce clashes and little however very hazardous associations like fear based oppression and rebellions. In any case, their actual nature and goals have figured out how to safeguard through ages, as a general standard of social conduct, including extraordinary brutality, want for force and control, just as clashes set up based on strict or ethnic issues. We will compose a custom paper test on Which Has Exerted a Bigger Effect on War: the End of the Cold War, or Globalization? or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now What's more, the finish of the virus war greatly affected the worldwide socio-political picture by setting up a totally new picture of global relations, types of outside affiliations and a solid push for a military undertaking progress. Could Cold War Have Been Avoided? iframe class=wp-installed content sandbox=allow-contents security=restricted style=position: supreme; cut: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); src=https://phdessay.com/could-cold-war-have-been-stayed away from/insert/#?secret=VoE5zQLbhO information secret=VoE5zQLbhO width=500 height=282 title=#8220;Could Cold War Have Been Avoided?#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com frameborder=0 marginwidth=0 marginheight=0 scrolling=no/iframe To comprehend the idea of war, its effect on current issues, just as the effect of globalization on war matters, I would initially give a general meaning of â€Å"war†, by introducing some hypothetical methodologies. In the long run I would focus on the effect of the post-cold period lastly, finish up with the effect of globalization. War and hypothetical methodologies: Scholars have consistently given very conflicting definitions to a â€Å"war†. To be sure characterizing â€Å"war† could be a convoluted assignment. This is because of the way that regardless of whether the idea of a war stays consistent, it generally mirrors the specific time and spot wherein it happens. As it were, the present time, circumstance, the underlying center of the issue, just as, the degree of brutality and specific entertainers would incredibly impact and characterize the sort of contention. Hence, setting up a general thought of a ‘war’ may end to be very wrong. By and by, I would attempt to introduce the fundamental general definitions, in view of various hypothetical methodologies. Quincy Wright, for xample, depicts war as a â€Å"conflict among political gatherings, particularly sovereign states, carried on by military of significant size, for an extensive time of time†. (Baylis, 2008, p. 213) Based on his announcement, we could presume that it’s a pragmatist approach, underscoring on the intensity of the state and the most significant level of power that has. Another methodology of characterizing war is the meaning of Hedly Bulls guaranteeing that war is a â€Å"organized brutality, conveyed by political units against each other†. (Baylis, 2008, p. 14) This definition could be acknowledged as improper in light of the fact that only one out of every odd single activity of savagery is characterized as a war. What's more, war could include and other interior on-screen characters aside from political ones like residents for instance (strict, racial clashes). A third methodology by Clausewitz clarifies war as â€Å"an demonstration of power proposed to urge our adversaries to satisfy our will†. (Baylis, 2008, p. 214) This definition is increasingly liberal put together as it focuses on additional with respect to the force and influence of globalization tha n on the state power. Despite the fact that these definitions appear to contrast regarding hypothesis, we could sum up some normal attributes between them, which are sorted out brutality, state or non-state entertainers, just as military power and control. To show signs of improvement understanding on the definitions, the difference in fighting, just as the effect of globalization and post-cold war period, I might want to sum up and weight on two notable speculations: Realism and Liberalism. Authenticity, most importantly, weights on the intensity of the state and its power, speaking to it as the primary on-screen character on the world stage. It additionally communicates world governmental issues as a ‘self-help system’ and a ‘struggle for power’ between states (Baylis, 2008, p. 5), attempting to rule and amplify their national advantages. Furthermore, globalization isn't significant and doesn't influence political world. Progressivism, in actuality, underlines on the adequacy of majority rule government, hidden that states are by all account not the only principle entertainers. Transnational entertainers, worldwide enterprises and associations (like psychological oppression) are additionally assuming a key job in characterizing fighting and its advancing. Additionally, radicals concede the significance of globalization, monetary and ecological issues. Thinking about the present universal undertakings, just as the decay intensity of state entertainers, we could expect that the Liberal hypothesis effectively coordinates with the ongoing socio-political occasions. Therefore, I would additionally break down the difference in fighting from the points of view of the Liberal methodology. Post-cold war period: The fall of the Soviet Union in 1989, bringing about the finish of the Cold War, put another development in the structure of the worldwide relations and the universal framework. That for sure brought some persuasive local traits like popular government framework in some post-socialist states. Moreover, the quantity of wars pointedly declined yet not and their vital mercilessness. A great deal of ex-Soviet Union individuals, just as some eastern European nations like previous Yugoslavia experienced colossal emergency. Numerous states broke down, which prompted bleeding common wars and revolts. Another incredible factor was the new arrangement of vote based system that previous socialist states needed to acknowledge. A few states to be sure profited by that yet for other people, that ended up being an immense and unexpected change bringing about progressively monetary emergency and bedlam in the populace. What's more, this prompted the dynamic investment of world associations like the United Nations, just as NATO and EU in protecting the harmony and keeping away from any merciless clashes that could follow. Such intercession and hostile to strife activities affected the fighting as well as human ethics, also. People’s comprehension of legislative issues, financial matters turned out to be all the more all around based, not simply state-disconnected. A state issue in the end ended up being a worldwide issue, similar to the war in previous Yugoslavia, 9/11 and the present issues in Egypt. The post-cold war period gave the primary solid push of an enormous globalization. For sure, globalization has consistently existed in mankind's history and has consistently been an unavoidable procedure; by and by nobody has especially referenced it before the finish of the Cold War. Another incredible change that influenced the fighting was the supreme authority power that the USA picked up. With the fall of the Soviet Union, the universal framework transformed from a period of ‘bipolarity’ into a period of ‘unipolarity’. In this manner, USA’s worldwide impact speeded up considerably more the going on procedure of globalization, handing it over to â€Å"Americanization†. (Baylis, 2008, p. 13)USA was definitely exceptional as far as military force and specialized developments; by and by it did nothing to forestall the up-coming occasions of sorted out brutality and especially fear based oppression. A genuine model is the 9/11 occasion and the Iraq War in 2003. Despite the fact that USA had an eminent prevalence as far as wea ponry, specialized and correspondence innovation, the reacting hilter kilter assaults that followed, just as the terroristic activities in London and Madrid demonstrated the sensational changes that have happened as far as fighting. Globalization: The transformation in military undertakings that followed in the 1991, directly after Gulf War, fabricated another picture and type of the contemporary fighting. With the huge advancement of innovation, correspondence, Internet and media, war was in the end changed over into another type of a war strife, new for the old Westphalian Order thoughts. The essential Westphalian attributes of a territoriality, fixed visitors, self-assurance and states as just key-entertainers totally repudiate with the contemporary current worldwide undertakings. What's more, to be sure, Globalization is something other than interconnectedness. It includes substantially more than collaboration and global relations between states. It inevitably breaks up the state guests, transforming the world into a â€Å"shared social space†, (Baylis, 2008, p. 18) just as, setting the practical and political exercises into a totally new transnational worldwide scale. Another significant factor of globalization is the â€Å"time-space compression†. (Baylis, 2008, p. 18) Nowadays, any force or military activities could be practiced from a separation and satisfied for a generally brief timeframe. Globalization has broken any potential hindrances including separation, space or time with the assistance of Internet, correspondence and media. These variables have brought about a whole new age of fighting. In such another time of development and high innovation, new non-state on-screen characters have figured out how to change both digital spot and media into a genuine front line. From one hand, this has prompted the production of exceptionally powerful and complex weaponry hardware, guaranteeing better security and energy reacts to military activities. Actually however, that additionally prompts fear mongering, composed wrongdoings, brutality just as, weapons of mass demolition. With the capacity of creating and sending out such incredible innovation, the wellbeing of people and the ruthlessness of contemporary fighting are without a doubt not in transit of declining. Another negative outcome of globalization r

30 Life Lessons From 30 Years

30 Life Lessons From 30 Years I recently turned 30, and during the journey I’ve learned a great deal. Following are 30 of the most important life lessons from my first 30 years on this planet. 1. We must love. You know the saying, “It’s better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all,” right? I know, we often dismiss cliches with a wave of the hand, but maybe it’s a truth so profound we can discuss it only with aphorisms. Yes, we must love, even if it breaks our heartsâ€"because, unless we love, our lives will flash by. 2. Love isn’t enough. Although we must love, love is not enough to survive: we must take action to show others we care, to show them we love. Yes, love is a verb. 3. Happiness is not for sale. We can’t buy happiness, yet we search the aisles, shelves, and pages of eBay in search of something more, of something to fill the void. The stuff won’t make us happy, thoughâ€"not in the long run, anyway. At best, material things will temporarily pacify us. At worst, they will ruin our lives: they will leave us empty, they will leave us depressed, and they will leave us even more aloneâ€"alone among a sea of trinkets. The truth is we are all going to die, and heaping our tombs with treasure will not save us from this fate. 4. Success is perspectival. I used to think I was successful because I had a six-figure job my friends and family could be proud of. I thought the house with too many bedrooms would make me look even more successful, as would the luxury car, the tailored suit, the expensive watch, the big screen TV, and all the trappings of the material world. I got it all, and I sure as hell didn’t feel successful. Instead, I felt successfool. 5. Make change a must. For the longest time, I knew I wanted to change: unhappy, unsatisfied, and unfulfilled, I knew I didn’t have freedomâ€"not real freedom. The problem was I knew this intellectually, but not emotionally:  I didn’t have the feeling in my gut that things must change. I knew they should change, but the change wasn’t a must for me, and thus it didn’t happen. A decision is not a real decision until it is a must, until you feel it on your nerve-endings, until you are compelled to take action. Once your shoulds have turned into musts, then you are ready for change. 6. The meaning of life. Giving is living. The best way to live a worthwhile life is simple: continuously grow as an individual and contribute to other people in a meaningful way. Growth and contribution: that’s the meaning of life. 7. Health is underestimated. Our well-being is more important than most of us treat it: without health, nothing else matters. 8. Sentimental items are less important. My mother died when I was 28. It was a difficult time in my life, but it helped me realize our memories aren’t in our things: our memories are inside us. 9. Your job is not your mission. At least it wasn’t for me, although I treated it like it was for the longest time. I worked so much that the rest of my life suffered. There’s nothing wrong with hard work, as long as it doesn’t get in the way of life’s more important areas: health, relationships, passion. 10. Finding your passion is important. Passion is not preexisting, which means you can cultivate a passion as long as you find something that aligns with your principles and desires. 11. Relationships matter. Every relationshipâ€"friendship, romantic, or otherwiseâ€"is a series of gives and takes. Every relationship has an Us box. For the relationship to work, both people must contribute toâ€"and get something fromâ€"that Us box. If you just give but don’t get, you’ll feel used, exploited, taken advantage of; if you only take but don’t give, you’re a parasite, a freeloader, a bottom-feeder. 12. You don’t need everyone to like you. We all want to be lovedâ€"it’s a mammalian instinctâ€"but you can’t value every relationship the same, and thus you can’t expect everyone to love you the same. Life doesn’t work that way. My friend Julien Smith articulates this sentiment very well in his popular essay The Complete Guide to Not Giving a Fuck: “When people don’t like you, nothing actually happens. The world does not end. You don’t feel them breathing down your neck. In fact, the more you ignore them and just go about your business, the better off you are.” 13. Status is a misnomer. Similar to “success,” our culture places an extraordinary emphasis on material wealth as a sign of true wealth, and yet I know too many people of supposed “status” who are miserable. They don’t seem wealthy to me. One’s true worth is not determined by his or her net worth. 14. Jealousy is a wasted emotion. Competition breeds jealousy, although we often give it prettier labels like “competitive spirit,” “stick-to-itiveness,” or “ambition.” Jealousy is ugly, though: it is never a way to express that we careâ€"it’s only a channel through which we broadcast our insecurities. 15. Everybody worships something. In his This Is Water commencement speech, my favorite fiction writer, David Foster Wallace, said it best: “There is no such thing as not worshipping. Everybody worships. The only choice we get is what to worship.” 16. I am not the center of the universe. It’s difficult to think about the world from a perspective other than our own. We are always worried about what’s going on in our lives. What does my schedule look like today? What if I lose my job during the next round of layoffs? Why can’t I stop smoking? Why am I overweight? Why am I not happy with my life? We are strongly aware of everything connected to our lives, but we are only one ingredient in a much larger recipe. 17. Awareness is the most precious freedom. Minimalism is a tool to rid ourselves of excess in favor of a deliberate life: it is a tool to take a seemingly intricate and convoluted world, cluttered with its endless embellishments, and make it simpler, easier, realer. It is unimaginably hard to remain conscious, attentive, and aware. It is difficult not to fall back into a trance-like state, surrounded by the trappings and obstructions of the tiring world around usâ€"but it is crucial to do so, for this is real freedom. 18. Be on the mountain. I use this term as a metaphor for living in the moment. When you climb to the peak, don’t immediately plan your descent. Enjoy the view. Be on the mountain. Just be. 19. We are scared for no reason. Just ask yourself, “What am I afraid of?” We are often scared of things that don’t have a real effect on our lives (or that we can’t control, so we’re worrying for no reason). 20. Change is growth. We all want a different outcome, and yet most of us don’t want any change in our lives. Change equals uncertainty, and uncertainty equals discomfort, and discomfort isn’t fun. But when we learn to enjoy the process of changeâ€"when we chose to look at uncertainty as varietyâ€"then we get to reap all the rewards of change. That is how we grow. 21. Pretending to be perfect doesn’t make us perfect. I am not perfect, and I never will be. I make mistakes and bad decisions, and I fail at times. I stumble, I fall. I am humanâ€"a mixed bag, nuanced, the darkness and the lightâ€"as are you. And you are beautiful. 22. The past does not equal the future. My words are my words, and I can’t take them back. You can’t change the past, so it’s important to focus on the present. If the past equaled the future, then your windshield would be of no use to you: you would simply drive with your eyes glued to the rearview mirror. But driving this wayâ€"looking only behind youâ€"is a sure-fire way to crash. 23. Pain can be useful, but not suffering. Pain lets us know something is wrong: it indicates we must change what we’re doing. Suffering, though, is a choice, and we can choose to stop suffering, to learn a lesson from the pain and move on with our lives. 24. Doubt kills. The person who stops you from doing everything you want to do, who stops you from being completely free, who stops you from being healthy, happy, and passionateâ€"is you. 25. It’s okay to wait. Sometimes it’s okay to wait a little longer for something. Why rush if you don’t have to? Why not enjoy the journey? 26. Honesty is important. Honesty, at the most simple level, is telling the truthâ€"not lying. It’s supremely important to be honest, and it’s hurtful when you’re not, but 27. Openness is just as important as honesty. Openness is more complicated than honesty: openness involves being honest while painting an accurate picture, shooting straight, not misleading other people, and being real. Openness is far more subjective, and you must be honest with yourself before you can be open with others. This doesn’t mean you must put your entire life on display: some things are private, and that’s okay, too. 28. Getting people’s buy-in. Adding value to other people is the only way to get their buy-in. When I managed a large team of people, I constantly asked them questions like, “How did you add value this week?” I also asked that question of myself, and I would share with my team how I added value that week. That’s how I got their buy-in. 29. Hype is cancerous. So often we fall for the hype (“Buy More, Save More!” and “Three Day Sale!”), and we are suckered into rash buying decisions because of scarcity and a false sense of urgency. We can train ourselves, however, to not only resist such hype, but to have a vitriolic reaction to the hypeâ€"to elicit a response so off-putting that we avoid anything that’s hyped. When we’re aware of the world around us, we can willfully develop a hype allergy. 30. I’m still trying to figure it all out. I don’t intend to promulgate my views and opinions as some sort of maxims by which you should live your life. What works for me, may not work for you. Hell, sometimes it doesn’t even work for me. Additional Reading: 30 More Life Lessons by Ryan Nicodemus. You May Also Enjoy How to Start a Successful Blog Today Learn how to start a blog in less than an hour. Follow the step-by-step instructions we used when starting our blog, which now has reached more than 20 million people. Creating this blog is one of the best decisions Ryan and I ever made. After all, our blog is how we earn a living. More important, it's how we add value to other people's lives. Read more 30-Day Minimalism Game Let's play a simple game together. We call it the 30-Day Minimalism Game. Find a friend, family member, or coworker who's willing to minimize their stuff with you next month. Read more 11 Ways to Write Better We are all writers now. Whether you write books, blog posts, emails, Instagram captions, or text messages, you are a writer. No matter your preferred medium, here are a few tips to help you write more effectively. Read more Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Should Marijuana Be More Dangerous Than Drinking Alcohol

Pineapple Express, Friday, Friday After Next, and How High are a few movies that have given marijuana a negative and exaggerated point of view. These movies and other types of advertisements give the audience the exaggerate idea that marijuana is more dangerous than alcohol. In today’s society we see alcohol ads containing fit people drinking alcohol during special occasions or even sipping it by the beach having a great time, making alcohol look amazing. These two different perspectives have given people the idea that smoking marijuana is more dangerous than drinking alcohol. Though we know that alcohol and marijuana are both bad for the human body, they also have some positive impact. Though these two substances have some positive impacts to the body once consumed, it has been shown that marijuana has a more positive impact to the human body when compared to alcohol. Alcohol is one of the most used and misused drugs and over consuming it is very dangerous to the body, but what are its effects when consumed at rational levels. When consumed in reasonable levels, alcohol has some positive impacts to the body. Cynthia Kuhn (PhD) a professor of pharmacology, Scott Swartzwelder (PhD) a professor of psychiatry and Wilkie Wilson (PhD) a professor of prevention science at Duke University, wrote in their book â€Å"Buzzed† that people drink alcohol for â€Å"the feeling of relaxation that accompanies an occasional drink of alcohol†(Kuhn 66). These occasional drink â€Å"†¦can help to reduceShow MoreRelatedMarijuana vs. Alcohol in the United States Essay843 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana vs. Alcohol In The United States Marijuana and alcohol are the two most threatening drugs used in America today. Marijuana is the most illicit drug while alcohol is the most abused. 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Binge drinking should be seen as a gateway or portal to the development of poly-drug users. As the gateway drug theory suggests, routine use of less harmful drugs, in this case alcohol, will lead to risk of abusing more serious drugs. Alcohol is so readily available and like any other psychoactive drug it canRead MoreThe Harmful Effects of Marijuana have been exaggerated1154 Words   |  5 Pagesaccidents caused by drunk drivers. It s even possible to die from alcohol poisoning, but marijuana has never been directly attributed to any deaths. Despite all this, public opinion on marijuana is still based on myth and prejudice even though it remains relatively harmless. The harmful effects of marijuana have been exaggerated. 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According to the New York Times The social costs of the marijuana laws are vast. There were 658,000 arrests for marijuana possession in 2012, according to F.B.I. Figures compared with 256,000 for cocaine, heroin and their derivatives. Even worse, the result is racist, falling disproportionately on youngRead MoreBefore Delving Into The Economics Of The Proposed Policy,1554 Words   |  7 PagesBefore delving into the economics of the proposed policy, the paper will first show why marijuana is the safer alternative, but as previously mentioned, alcohol and marijuana are still harmful to the body, just in different magnitudes. 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Use of illegal drugs is harmful to the userand all those with whom the user comes in contact. There are over 40 million illegal drug users in the world today and America is the biggest market for drugs1 . There are more drug dealers in this country, than there are dentists. Illegal drug abuse must be stopped; it hurts our society, hurts us, and, most of all, hurts the user. Drug users are parasites, feeding off societys money, taxes and insurance. Every type of insurance goes up

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Paper on John Pierport Morgan Father of Modern United States Economy Free Essays

John Pierpont Morgan is considered one of the founding fathers of the modern United States economy. Morgan was a banker, railroad czar, industrialist, financier, philanthropist, yachtsman, and ladies’ man. The wealth of the Morgan family did not begin with Pierpont but with his grandfather Joseph Morgan. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper on John Pierport Morgan: Father of Modern United States Economy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Joseph’s first son was Junius Spencer Morgan, also destined for the life of a businessman. In 1864 Junius took over the Peabody Company and changed the name to J. S. Morgan Co. John Pierpont Morgan was born on April 17, 1837 in Hartford, Connecticut. The family prospered in Hartford until Junius moved the family to Boston where Morgan began Boston English High. In 1857, Junius Morgan decided to broaden his son’s experience by sending him to New York. The firm of Duncan, Sherman Co. was the American representation of the George Peabody Company. In less than three years Morgan went from clerk to cashier in the company. In 1860 Morgan left Duncan, Sherman and founded J. P. Morgan and Company to act as an agent for his father’s business. In 1864 Morgan joined up with another former businessman of Duncan, Sherman Company, Charles Dabney. Charles Dabney and Morgan started their own company named Dabney, Morgan Co. Morgan’s business continued to grow as he intensively involves his company in more trade and commerce transactions. In 1871 Dabney retired and Anthony J. Drexel became Morgan’s new senior partner. Drexel was already the head of the Philadelphia investment bank Drexel and Company. The new company Drexel Morgan Co. became one of the largest and most successful companies on Wall Street. When Junius Morgan died in 1890, J. P. became head of the London house. Anthony Drexel also died in 1893, and Morgan reorganized the Morgan and Drexel firms two years later. The New York based Drexel Morgan became J. P Morgan Co. Morgan was an imposing figure on Wall Street and in the financing world but was virtually unknown to many until 1869. That year a war over railroads began including Jay Gould and Jim Fisk, both famous financiers. Gould already had dominant control over the Erie railroad and began to buy up stock in the Albany Susquehanna Railroad. The board of the railroad was prevented from issuing new stock to protect itself and the president of the company, Joseph Ramsey, was suspended. Ramsey and the board of the company fought Gould buy acquiring more shares of the company. The board of directors and Ramsey asked Morgan for his financial support. Morgan deposed the Erie railroad directors and was more than happy to assist the Ramsey plea. Through legal feuds with Boss Tweed and other characters and holding covert stockholder meetings, Morgan was able to obtain a lease over the company. The state supreme court upheld the lease and ensured ownership over the company to Morgan, Ramsey and the original owners. The legislature, at the time, began to propose control of railroad management, prevent stock watering, and tax profits. William H. Vanderbilt, the legislature, at the time, began to propose control of railroad management, prevent stock watering, and tax profits. Vanderbilt inherited eighty seven percent of the stock of the New York Central Railroad. He made a secret agreement with Morgan to sell 250,000 shares of his stock to English investors. Vanderbilt also agreed to combine the Central railroad with the Wabash, St. Louis Pacific Railroad. When the news broke out about the deal, Morgan was praised as an economic genius and stepped out of his father’s shadow. As Morgan enjoyed his position on the board of the New York Central, he used his position to settle a dispute of railroad organization in 1885. New York Central was competing with Pennsylvania railroad for control over the West Shore line. The two companies were engaging in rate wars and for control over surrounding lines. A second offspring, the South Pennsylvania line, was built by the Central to compete with the Pennsylvania line. Morgan argued that is was senseless for Vanderbilt and Gould, the two leaders, to compete over the lines. The two parties agreed and Morgan was again hailed as an industrial wizard. Mr. Morgan developed into the nation’s railroad reorganizer. Morgan was brought in to slash the value of the watered stock, reduce interest rates on the bonds, and assess the shareholders for more money. Morgan’s plans for the Philadelphia and Reading lines were working well until their president A. Archibald McLeod waged was against Pierpont. In 1888, John Pierpont was again called on to reorganize railroads in the east. Morgan was unsympathetic with governmental regulation; however, he sought to help enforce the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. After the Panic of 1893, the government called on Morgan once more to reorganize a large number of leading railroad systems of the country. Various devices were used to ensure Morgan’s continued control and that of his associates over the companies. Morgan’s methods of railroad organization followed a standard pattern with small variations. Third, Morgan and his associates would always charge enormous fees for their services. Morgan’s reputation most likely grows from his role in the emergence of many modern companies. Morgan, through his innate business sense, helped launch some of America’s largest corporations. Morgan was now known throughout the land for reorganizing the railroad system. Morgan was one of the earliest of Thomas Edison. Morgan continued to support the growing company by acquiring many stock shares and facilitating the company’s merger with the Thomson-Houston Electrical Company. This merger created the General Electric company, one of the most prominent companies in the modern world. Morgan went on to help create the Federal Steel Company, the National Tube Company and the American Bridge Company. One of Morgan’s most famous business deals was the formation of the United States Steel Corporation in 1901. Morgan collaborated with Elbert Gary and John Gates to consolidate different steel companies to form a â€Å"supercombination. † The U. S Steel Corporation was organized and acquired the outstanding bonds and stocks of the Carnegie Company. The company also bought the preferred stocks of Federal Steel, National Steel, National Tube, American Steel Wire, American Tin Plate, American Steel Hoop, American Sheet Steel, Lake Superior Consolidated Iron Mines and American Bridge Company. Morgan agreed to reorganize the situation and the two companies Deering Harvester and McCormick Harvesting Machine were merged with three other small companies to create the International Harvester Company. A Boston firm primarily financed the American Telephone and Telegraph Company when they faced a consortium of New York bankers in 1902. The New Yorkers, led by J. P Morgan, brought back Theodore Vail as head of the company and funded the company with one hundred million dollars to reorganize the company on a national scale. After 1906, the company was revived and a commanding force it was also principally backed by the house of Morgan. At the time many people believed that Morgan as well as other wealthy financiers including Carnegie and Rockefeller were stronger than the government and were not subject to ordinary laws. Morgan was said to have greatly profited from the transaction, although much upheaval was caused when Morgan refused to reveal his profits to a congressional committee. The panic of 1907 had begun with the public in mayhem and the government turning once again to Morgan for his leadership. Morgan pooled together an emergency committee with Rockefeller, Harriman, Frick, Schiff and H. H. Rodgers. This meaning of great financial leaders decided to help deal with the problem and deposit money into the government funds. Morgan rejected this idea; however, the group did instruct the secretary of Treasury to deposit substantial government relief funds and organize thousands of banks nationwide to deposit excess money into the relief fund. Pierpont Morgan was a man of many pecuniary gains and along with these gains came speculations and controversy into his financial dealings. The public often questioned the large undisclosed sum of money Morgan made by supporting the Treasury in 1895. This event was only one of many debatable issues that concerned Morgan and his control over the government and the American market. President Roosevelt investigated Morgan’s large deal with the U. S. Steel Corporation and Tennessee Railroad Company but found that that the â€Å"means employed were none the less effective, as well as profitable. † The culmination of the government and public’s suspicion of Morgan’s activities were the Pujo hearings of 1912. The House Banking and Currency subcommittee headed by representative Arsene Pujo had been trying to establish that a â€Å"money trust† ruled over America’s major corporations, railroads, insurance companies, securities markets, and banks. The attorneys prosecuting Morgan made the pivotal point that eighteen financial institutions effectively controlled a two-thirds majority of the 1912 capital resources, over twenty five billion dollars. The lead attorney questioned J. P. Morgan about his actions in a famous cross-examination. Morgan was questioned on his supposed monopolies, earnings and business practices. The value of Morgan’s organization of companies and funding is immeasurable, as these companies are some of today’s leading corporations. Pierpont built America with more in mind than that of personal financial gain. How to cite Paper on John Pierport Morgan: Father of Modern United States Economy, Essay examples

Media Influence on Society free essay sample

Media Influence on Society Introduction In the last 50 years the media influence has grown exponentially with the advance of technology, first there was the telegraph, then the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet. We live in a society that depends on information and communication to keep moving in the right direction and do our daily activities like work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else that we have to do. Media is the most powerful tool of communication. It helps promoting the right things on right time. It gives a real exposure to the mass audience about what is right or wrong. Even though media is linked with spreading fake news like a fire, but on the safe side, it helps a lot to inform us about the realities as well. Media has a constructive role to play for the society. Today News Channels and even some Newspapers are mouthpiece of some social issues, which helps us to estimate the realities of lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Influence on Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Media has played an important role in order to focus on the social issues in almost every era. It is the fact that in most of the eras, media were not being given free and fair chances to explore the issues of society more openly than it is being given now; but we cant deny this fact that the issues were always raised in order to provide justice to the people. Influence of media on children Television can be a powerful entertainment and education tool for children given the right programming. However, studies have shown that television, and media in general, can also have a very negative influence. Some studies indicate it can shorten attention span, distort body image, work in conjunction with other factors to escalate obesity, create fear, and increase aggressive and anti-social behaviors if exposure is unmonitored and unlimited.

Jordan Financial Centre

Introduction Currently, the world has numerous and well established Global Financial Centres (GFC). Most of these Financial Centres do not only yearn to be dominant, but also to be recognized as key regional and international GFC. Literature on international finance shows that in the last few decades, there has been the emergence of several Financial Centres in different areas across the globe.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jordan Financial Centre specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These GFCs have shown different levels of financial and operational success. Amongst the top ranked global financial centres are Toronto, Geneva, Chicago, Tokyo, Seoul, Zurich, Singapore, Hong Kong, New York City, and London. The list is in ascending order. A worldwide city or home to stock exchange, businesses, and banking defines a financial centre. Therefore, international financial centre is not a specific word for describing impor tant participation in the financial trade market (Central Bank of Jordan, 2012). The modern telecommunication provision and great worldwide financial organization has generated uninterrupted and permanent global financial market. The outlay of transportation and complexity in communication has been decreasing constantly over the recent years. This has fostered the development of a solitary money market in the globe. The Jordanian government gave its support to the proposal of changing the biggest and best-known city of Jordan to a GFC. This was in addition to the existing IFC. A working organization make-up was fashioned with the aim of changing Jordan to a regional finance centre. Later it emerged as one of the most significant among the well-established IFC (Ferguson, 2008). The innovations were intended to warrant the future status and potentiality of Jordan as an IFC. There is no agreement reached on the common meaning of a Financial Centre. The place where clients and providers of financial services convene to carry out big business can best define it. In fact, this description summarises both the international and domestic financial centres definitions. It can also be an accumulation of the foreign finance, overhaul ventures, and commercial operation centres. The objective of a FC is the provision of high-level monetary and specialized services more willingly than retail banking services. These services serve the universal, local, and nationwide nonfinancial and financial organization headquarters. Conversely, a place where financial institutions and banks are highly concentrated is a financial centre (Central Bank of Jordan, 2012). The objectives and reasons for establishing the Jordan Financial Centre (JNFC) The JNFC was established to boost the economic atmosphere for investment in Jordan Empire. This was a dignified dream of King Abdullah (II). The king yearned for a strengthened development of financial centres in the region. The King established JN FC out of the JSC (Jordan Securities Commission) honour.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This Centre is a representation of the nation’s economic force and signifies the major market enlargement in Jordan. With conformity to the international customs and principles, this centre has united economic, societal, and cultural facets in the capital market. It has maintained sound settings for investments through its general purpose. Furthermore, JNFC has implemented information guidelines and promoted growth concerning marketplace safety through overseas speculation. This multifaceted financial project has a number of bank subdivisions, agencies and representatives, Investor Halls, Security Deposit Centres, Amman Stocks Exchange, and Finance Study Centres (Jordan Securities Commission, 2012). Jordan has established innovative financial hubs for recognition to improve capita l markets venture operations both locally and abroad. The centre has computerized packed trading structure in bank office, house brokerage, and exchange. This latest centre is adjacent to current Amman Stocks Exchange. It has augmented investment environment in the state’s capital market as a local centre. Moreover, in agreement to the paramount global practices, it has established protected and eye-catching environment. Hence, JNFC is recognized and has more than one hundred programmed corporations. This brings its capital in the market to nearly $32.40 billion. The state does not put restriction on foreign ownership. Thus, non-residents in Jordan possess above 46.0% of the listed corporations. The financial sector in Jordan is well organized (Association of Banks in Jordan, 2010). The JNFC provides easy and efficient business operations in international finance for profitability. It has a recognized workforce talent and experienced administration to cover up co-dependent se rvices like official and accounting, finance, and businesses. This makes available multi-disciplined teams to facilitate great overseas connections in the shortest period possible. Further, this centre has a profound liquidity and superiority in the capital market. Hence, it competes and regulates taxes globally with flow in offshore production and foreign investment (Sheikh-Miller, 2007). Jordan’s worth to financial services significantly multiplies through labour force that promptly responds through groundbreaking techniques. Moreover, it has the best information technology and telecommunication worldwide with multilingual and intellectual workforce. This makes the location for the financial services to be well organized (Association of Banks in Jordan, 2010). JNFC provides customers with fascinating and hospitable surroundings for business transaction.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jordan Financial Centre specifically for you for only $16 .05 $11/page Learn More JNFC deals in diverse and major currencies in the world, and not just the legal state tendering. Therefore, financial transactions links is indirect to the domestic banking system. JNFC is thus an offshore financial centre since it not only deals in domestic money, but also in offshore currencies to allow foreign investment. JNFC renders foreign transactions on tax-free basis and enjoys exchange controls imposed on domestic financial transactions. The recognition of this irregularity by the government is the major reason why there is extraordinary growth in Eurodollars market and Eurocurrency in foreign investment. Jordan has executed the provision of financial services to both natives and non-residents. The Jordanian government inspects the possibility of interference from inhabitants and the intercontinental centre (Sheikh-Miller, 2007). Nevertheless, this has propelled JNFC to balance its conflicting objectives. This has made JNFC to be reco gnized as a regulator of residents’ probable exploitation and an advocate of IFC. The pros to Jordan Financial Centre emerging as regional or GFC Jordan is perceived as one of the biggest Arabic countries and is a gateway market in the region. In fact, most financial activities and manufacturing services occur around and some in Jordan city. To add on that, the City of Jordan has emerged to be amongst the globally enormous metropolis and it is currently described as the business and economic capital. A majority of Jordan population stays in the city where the Financial Centre was constructed. They generate nearly 27% of the total economic output, about half of the total country’s exports, and 40% of the tax revenues (Presley, 2012). Within these types of potentials around its Financial Centre, the government of Jordan is able to turn the Jordan Financial Centre into a global or regional financial one. The aim of being a global or regional financial centre is spearheade d by various prospective advantages the FC has around it. For instance, Jordan has vast human capital as well as other resources such as the dynamic and youthful educated labour force. These groups are able to execute most monetary transmission activities. Secondly, Jordan has a stable and favourable macroeconomic environment that can facilitate the activities and business or financial activities of the JFC. Third, the country is politically determined and is seen as a regional power, hence, it stands a better chance of enhancing most financial business operations that are undertaken by the Financial Centre. Fourth, the quality of financial services offered, rapid Jordan economic growth, and its geographical location gives JFC an upper to become a global or regional Financial Centre (Bank Audi sal, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the advantages that Jordan Financial Centre has, which can help it become a global or regional financial centre can be summarized in terms of strengths and opportunities. The strengths and opportunities include: In the emerging cities outlook and global cities index, the 2012 report indicated that Jordan would be amongst the most important city vectors in the coming years. Jordan is acknowledged as a pivot amid west and east. It has enough expertise and rich in regal culture that can govern financial interactions (Bank Audi sal, 2008). The country has up to date airports, which connect Jordan to major cities, business, and financial centres around the world. Jordan has a complimentary time zone. The country’s geographical position puts its close to various upcoming markets in the Black Sea Region, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, North Africa, Gulf, and the Middle East. These are amongst the advantages that Jordan has that will steer its financial centre into a globa l one (Sheikh-Miller, 2007). Jordan’s commitment to the European Union accession namely; changes in the structures of economic governance, changes in the framework of macroeconomic policy, and single marketplace integration is an added advantage to Jordan Financial Centre operations (Presley, 2012). Jordan is amongst the largest global economies, and the government has the strong will of establishing Jordan Financial Centre. There is profitable and sturdy banking Sector in Jordan. Therefore, the strong and adequate capital of Jordan banks is beyond the authorized 8% limit. Jordan has better commercial banking when compared to other rivalry International Financial Centres in the area. There are skilled and high quality workforces in the banking field. These labour forces can easily be accessed at relatively lower costs. This is because approximately 21% of Jordan’s increasingly educated and youthful workforce resides in the city where the Financial Centre is constructed (Central Bank of Jordan, 2012). Thus, numerical labour shortages are unheard of in the market for labour. When compared to other G20 nations, Jordan has cheaper rates. This implies that, professionals who offer financial services are able to benefit from identical or even high living standards from other International Financial Centres that charge low costs. Jordan does not restrict foreigners from acquiring real estates The cons to Jordan Financial Centre emerging as regional or GFC Jordan occasionally experiences current account deficits and low savings rates. This makes the country to be financed or funded through interim capital inflows Jordan has very few lawyers in the financial service industry to offer legal advice on financial matters. There is a great traffic congestion problem in Jordan. For instance, Jordan transportation is typically through private automobiles, taxis, minibuses, or buses. The taxation system is quite complicated. Various documents must go along with tax statements either annually, quarterly, or monthly. Jordan has comparatively weak derivatives, private sector bonds market, and stock market capitalization. This gives the country a weaker national brand image. While Jordan has a pool of skilled workforces, the labour force lacks proficiency in speaking English. The success and future outlook of Jordan Financial Centre The JNFC has achieved its objectives under several aspects. It has succeeded in erecting new finance centre, lured investors through stocks exchange, opened up novel banks, and actively competed with other GFC. This has helped the centre to plan for its future growth. New finance centre in Jordan The erection of the JNFC cost approximately seventy million US dollars. It offers offices for bank, brokerage, and is the current quarters for Amman Stocks Exchange. It has fully enlarged to a fledged local finance centre that makes safe distant investment in the empire. The current site of the JNFC is in Arjan region ne ar Amman Stocks Exchange. The area measures about seven hundred and forty thousand square feet and holds the regions training facility (Jordan Securities Commission, 2012). The Commission of Jordan Securities laid down this facility, and its cost depicts what Jordan will reap in the end. This centre follows the global FC practices and develops the modern computerized systems for trade and communications. Appeal to investors by Amman Stocks Exchange The financial centre operates as a crowd-puller to advance investment from foreign investors. This is rational because Amman Stocks Exchange interests are over and done. The stock market in the empire is not restricting foreign investments. Inhabitants from Arabic region can own and invest in Jordan. Nevertheless, JNFC has attracted a number of investors’ since the economic stability and resource protection is high in Jordan. Thus, investors from areas like Iraq and Lebanon whose states are politically disarrayed and affected inves t in JNFC (Ferguson, 2008). There was a drastic drop in the proceeds of Amman Stock Exchange along with other bourses in the Middle East. Despite this, not less than forty-five percent of listed shares are in the alien investors’ ownership. In recent years, the Stock Exchange fell off by thirty three percent resulting into 21% plunge in market capitalization. Today its capitalization has tripled and ranges at $31.10 billion. This gain is coming from the large number of well-informed investors who come from the Gulf (Central Bank of Jordan, 2012). Jordan’s new fangled banks Jordan has encouraged overseas investment in the sector of finance. This move has attracted new Arab firms that are listed on the nation’s capital market. Hence, the establishment of JNFC has boosted the Kuwait Finance House in Bahrain to open up a bank in Jordan at a cost of $50.00 million. The Jordan-Kuwait Finance House is an auxiliary entirely possessed by Bahrain. It has networks covering in Malaysia, Turkey, Bahrain, and Kuwait. Moreover, the bank centre of attention is on activities like acquirement, investment advice giving, and investment banking (Association of Banks in Jordan, 2010). Besides, extra express distant investment into the empire gets critical support from the bank. The Jordan-Kuwait Finance House came into partnership with Jordan Industrial Development Bank at the same time with Dubai Islamic Bank, Dubai International Capital, and the Jordan Dubai Capital. This resulted into increased capital of more than $100.00. Thus, they got their hands into the main stake at the Jordan Industrial Development Bank and in JNFC (Jordan Securities Commission, 2012). The Foreign Service suppliers and banks are seeing logical prospective in the financial sectors in Jordan. Therefore, other foreign companies are focusing to ascertain and open up in the kingdom. This will boost the operations of the JNFC. Market competition in Jordan This financial centre is not the o nly organization in the Middle East. In fact, Jordan foreign investment has fostered establishments of many ambitious finance centres in the Gulf region. This has generated supplementary diversification in trade and industry. Actually, Bahrain Financial Harbour, Qatar Financial Centre, and Dubai International Finance Centre offers competition. They proffer low duty, tax-free services, and bid one hundred percent in alien rights. They all target special divisions in the market (Sheikh-Miller, 2007). With Qatar’s richness in natural resources, Bahrain and Dubai dominate service-based economy. Thus, they all correspondently compete to be most excellent financial centres in the Peninsula of Arabia. Contrary, it is advantageous for Jordan to be the most logical finance centre in the Levant region. This is because of its geographic location that detaches it from the Gulf. Without doubt, it is probable that investors would be ploughing more investment funds into Jordan. These are th e financial overhaul providers, and investors from the Gulf region tend to diversify their investment collections (Sheikh-Miller, 2007). Conclusion In the Arabic region, there are various International Global Financial Centres including the Bahrain Financial Harbour, and the Qatar Financial Centre, and the Dubai IFC. However, despite being well established, Jordan Financial Centre imposes serious market competition to these GFC. The country has stable and rapid economic growth, offers quality financial services, is geographically well positioned, enjoys political determination, as well as regional power (Jordan Securities Commission, 2012). Besides, Jordan’s macroeconomic environment is favourable and the country has vast dynamic, low priced, and young workforce that can offer expertise financial services. Despite these strengths, the long-term operation of Jordan Financial Centre still faces various setbacks. These include complicated tax system, inadequate infrastructure, w eak legal framework, and unstable financial environment. All these factors can hinder the success of Jordan in becoming a universal financial centre. References Association of Banks in Jordan (2010). Development of the Jordanian banking sector (2000 – 2010). Web. Bank Audi sal (2008). Jordan economic report: challenging twin deficits in a wait and see mode economy. Web. Central Bank of Jordan (2012). Jordan is banking sector: monthly chart book. Web. Ferguson, R. (2008). International financial stability: Geneva reports on the world economy 9. London, UK: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Jordan Securities Commission (2012). National financial centre. Web. Presley, J. (2012). Directory of Islamic financial institutions (RLE: banking finance). New York, NY: Routledge. Sheikh-Miller, J. (2007). Jordan to build new financial centre. Web. This essay on Jordan Financial Centre was written and submitted by user Butterfly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Cuba, el eldorado del placer essays

Cuba, el eldorado del placer essays A principios de los noventa se desarollaba el fenmeno del turismo en Cuba y mas precisamente del turismo sexual. He elegido hablar de este subjecto a causa de la indignacion resultando de promover un pais para eso. Mismo si el porcentaje de viajeros que van a Cuba para practicar turismo sexual es minoritaria, se trata aqui a la vez de un problema politico y de un fenomeno de sociedad. Desde la disaparcion la Unin Sovitica y entoncs de su sostinemiento financiero, Cuba orientaba su politica sobre un sector de actividades muy lucrativo: el Turismo. Para apoyar este nueva politica el regimen alegaba a la vez los avantages del pais, como climate y paysajes, y tambien la hospilidad de las cubanas. Desde este annuncimiento, se ve apparecer muchas jovenes en las calles quien por la mayoria no tenian la mayoria de edad y tambien se prostituyen. Y al mismo tiempo, turistas de medio edad, avidos de sexo facil, son presentes por todas partes y cubanos les denominan turipepes. Las consequencias estaban mas rapidas que previsto. Con una poblacin de seis millones de habitantes, en 1959 Cuba tenà ­a cien mil prostitutas, de origen campesino el 95 por ciento. Hasta tel punto que los touroperadores organisan viajos a la isla caribeprostitucion es el resulatdo indirecto de la politica del pais. El turismo se traduce por el desarollo de lulujosos hoteles a lo largo de las playas lo que attrae numerosas turistas. La mayoria de ellos son alle ...

Global organizations ethical & cultural issues Essay

Global organizations ethical & cultural issues - Essay Example Such challenges may include ethical and cultural issues that corporations face as they seek to expand their presence in the global arena. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. faces ethical, social responsibility & cultural issues as it seeks to expand its operations outside the United States. Indeed, this research paper addresses and analyzes the cultural, ethical, and social responsibility issues affecting the operations of Wal-Mart outside America. Wal-Mart is a global retail corporation that operates a chain of large retail stores in various formats across the world (Forbes, 2013). The global organization has its headquarters in America and stands out as the largest private employer with more than two million employees across the world. The corporation has about 8500 stores, which operates in 50 states in the United States and in 26 countries across the globe (The New York Times, 2013). The global organization has a low price philosophy, which attracts a wide a customer base (Forbes, 2013). Neve rtheless, with the diversity of its operations and many employees the corporation faces numerous ethical, cultural, and social responsibility issues relating to its operations and workforce. Walmart has been expanding its operations outside US especially to areas where it can establish a strong retail store. The global organization opened retail stores in Japan, Germany, China, and South Korea but faced various cultural issues that limited its success and sometimes led to the closure of such retail stores. Notably, Germany was the first place that Walmart opened its stores outside Europe (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). Nevertheless, cultural issues in Germany grounded its operations. The cultural issues included the corporation’s failure to provide all products and services under one roof as seen in American stores (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). Moreover, the merchandise at the Walmart stores in Germany was inefficient for the customers. The retail store irritated the German customers by placing all the premium products at an eye level and placing the discounted products at the bottom or the top most shelve where customers struggled to get the discounted products (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). Additionally, the WalMart’s product line in Germany did not suit the shopping and cultural traits of the customers. In fact, the German culture negated the American culture that Walmart propagates in that shoppers opt to shop daily in various local stores dealing in household goods and groceries instead of shopping once a week as Walmart advocates (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). Walmart had issues in satisfying the cultural and shopping habits of a normal German shopper who seeks to the most efficient and limited time in shopping (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). The retail store in Germany mandated customers to spend longer time in shopping to the dismay of the German shoppers. Additionally, the retail store introduced strange management practices that did not conform to the Germa n culture. Indeed, the management requires employees to attend the morning exercise before the shift that annoyed many German employees (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). Furthermore, the store required sales clerks to smile at customers. This negated the German culture where men viewed this as flirting and the German culture viewed the behavior of smiling at strangers as an abnormality (Landler & Barbaro, 2006). In fact, this trend disturbed many German cashiers and derived hard feelings as the smiles were

The Impact of Technology on Today's Society Research Paper

The Impact of Technology on Today's Society - Research Paper Example The research is based on data gathered from secondary sources. Technology is the application of science to solve a problem. However, there is no definite definition of technology. As technology advances its definition changes. No one definition can describe technology without limiting it. This is because technology evolves each and every day to become more complex and sophisticated. Different types of technology work in different ways for example, we use information technology like the internet for creating and securing data, learning and communication. The scope of this paper is to establish the impact of technology on society.  As the report declares  the goal is to find out the impact of technology on society socially, politically, economically and its influence on health and the environment. The general thing about the different types of technology is that people use them to make life better.  Technology has existed for as long as man. The technology that existed in the pas t may not be as sophisticated and complex as it is today. The introduction of this paper defines technology as the use of science to solve problems and make life better. Computers and the internet may not have existed in the past but science was used to progress man, for example; pyramids of the Egyptians existed in the past.  The technology that exists today may not have existed in the past but there were innovations and inventions then that can also be termed as technology.

Effects of Petroleum in Foods and Personal Care Products

Effects of Petroleum in Foods and Personal Care Products Cowden, 1 Dating back to ancient Egypt and Europe people everywhere would use lead filled makeup on their faces and bodies. These days, however, our government realizes the dangers and would never let us apply something so hazardous on our skin, right? Wrong. Just as lead causes memory and concentration problems, nervous system and kidney damage and high blood pressure; petroleum products can also cause health issues. American businesses consistently use petroleum derivatives in our food, drinks, and personal care products, and these additives cause diseases such as, cancer, skin dermatitis, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Petroleum consists of a liquid mix of hydrocarbons found in the depths of the earth that society refines to create fuel. The term petroleum derivatives includes different chemicals made from petroleum and that have a variety of names, concealing what the people of the world truly put on their skin and in their bodies. Some of these chemicals include, parabens, tertiary-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), petroleum jelly, and paraffinum liquidum also known as mineral oil. Americans may see these items on the ingredient list of some of their groceries, just assuming that our government will protect us; after all, why would a well trusted company insert substances in their products that could cause us harm? Many people do not know what these derivatives really consist of because with names like â€Å"mineral oil†, it seems as though a product might be made with minerals. Another misconception in todays society is the use of terms such as â€Å"all natural† or â€Å"organic†. In recent years, Americans have become more concerned with general well-being and drawn to certain trends, some American consumers resolved to buy exclusively all-natural and organic products. All terms, immediately associated with good health, but just because a product claims to be â€Å"organic† or â€Å"all-natural† on the label does not necessarily mean that it does not contain hazardous chemicals. Arsenic is an all-natural substance found in minerals; that does not mean it would be safe to ingest. However, contrary to popular belief, high levels of arsenic can be detected in American rice and there are no regulations in the USA as to how much may be found in the grain. Surpri singly, the one country that does regulate the amount of arsenic allowed in rice, is China. The requirements set by the United States Department of Agricultures (USDA) National Organic Program state that the food products portraying themselves as organic must have a percentage of at least ninety-five organic ingredients and cannot be made, grown or processed with any pesticides, antibiotics, synthetic growth hormones, synthetic ingredients, or bio chemistry, and cannot be produced or processed with irradiation meaning, a food product goes through a process using radiation in order to preserve the food. If a product has a percentage of seventy or more organic ingredients and is not produced with synthetic methods, it can be labeled as â€Å"made with organic ingredients† but the product cannot use the USDA organic seal. Products that do not qualify for the previous seals, can take advantage of a loophole. One option utilized by companies to get their food products certified as naturally grown and that certain companies also considered an easier and cheaper process wou ld be to go through certification with the help of a non-profit organization sponsored program called Certified Naturally Grown. A product with the Certified Naturally Grown label on it indicates that a farmer has inspected the product and confirms the product was made using a natural process and ingredients. However, companies do not have to go through the process of maintaining these seals in order to put â€Å"natural† on the label of a product. The label will not have the Certified Naturally Grown or the USDA Certified Organic seal, but there are no requirements for using terms such as â€Å"all-natural† or â€Å"natural† on a products label because everything comes from something and is technically natural. As a result of such, petroleum and other harmful chemicals can be used in virtually any merchandise (a company or organization wishes). Labels reveal the shocking truth of what popular snack foods contain and what consumers may have eaten their whole life. TBHQ, for instance, can be found in snack foods such as American Reeses peanut butter cups, Butterfingers, Nestle Crunch, Little Debbie, CHEEZ-Its, MMs, numerous brands of (microwave) popcorn, and Wrigleys gum. Other products that use TBHQ include the popular breakfast foods such as Pop Tarts, Wheat Thins, Kelloggs frozen waffles, certain restaurant foods from McDonalds, KFC, Red Robin, Olive Garden and Taco Bell, certain brands of cooking oil, certain brands of peanut butter, personal care products, pet foods, and much more. Paraffinum liquidum (mineral oil) can be found in the popular gummy candies Swedish Fish and Life Savers, and the petroleum derivative can also be found in baby oil, moisturizers, makeup, and hair products. Parabens, are mainly found in makeup but companies also utilize them in toothpaste, tooth whitening, shampoo and conditioner and a number of styling gels and creams. Parabens and TBHQ are used as preservatives and Paraffinum Liquidum is mainly used as a film former and emollient but is also used as a cleaner and solvent for inks used in fine art printmaking. It can be used to cool electric components and as a lubricant and fuel. When companies use mineral oil in foods, they use the chemical as a glazing agent. Companies use these chemicals to preserve foods because they cost less than the alternatives and to satisfy consumers wanting cheaper products, but what is the ultimate cost? Parabens have been shown in multiple studies to be oestrogenic meaning that parabens can effect female hormones in a negative way. Of course some people do believe that it has not been proven that parabens are the definitive cause of breast cancer, and that there are other harmful chemicals in products that could also be the cause. Dr. Phillipa Darbre, an associate professor at the school of biological sciences and a program adviser for biochemistry, who for around 26 years worked on the role of estrogen in breast cancer at the cellular level, claims â€Å"There are plenty of other chemicals in these pots [of cosmetics] apart from parabens which are also oestrogenic and we have to ask questions about additive effects. We are not exposed to a chemical, we are exposed to a mixture (Mellowship pg. 77).† This statement has truth in it, nevertheless, some types of parabens have been found in the breast tissue of women diagnosed with breast cancer including a high concentration of methyl-paraben which, along with n-propyl paraben, has been discovered in human urine. In a study conducted in Denmark, twenty-six volunteers in good health applied cosmetic creams containing the ingredient butyl-paraben all over their skin and the chemical was detected in their blood stream in one hour. TBHQ, an antioxidant extracted from petroleum and the main ingredient in lighter fluid, can cause an array of health problems. According to reports from American citizens, the problems reported include, night terrors and anxiety, asthma, swollen lymph nodes, body rash, diarrhea, irritable bowl syndrome, and anaphylatic shock as well as some other serious problems. A toxic reaction may occur if only a gram of THBQ is ingested. The amount of TBHQ allowed in a product cannot exceed 0.02% of the fat and oil in the food, (this includes any essential oil in the food). ADHD has become increasingly more common in recent decades. Although reasons for this remain classified as unknown, perhaps the reason for this is that companies manufacturing their products do not want consumers to know that those items contain the possible cause. The Feingold Association has executed research and have discovered that the use of more than one additive at one time has a synergistic interaction and damages nerve cells. The Feingold Association, which researches the connection between a childs diet and any disorders the child may have, recommends removing additives and food colorings containing petroleum. Legal guardians that have followed the associations suggestions report that their childs symptoms have disappeared or significantly decreased. Another idea suggests that artificial additives act as counterfeit neurotransmitters admitting false excitable signals. Children possess a higher risk of developing negative affects from heavy metals due to processed foods cons istently removing the calcium, iron and zinc which provide a childs body with the ability to clear out heavy metals. A child has an inadequate amount of essential vitamins and minerals making processed foods a possible factor of aggressive behavior. Petroleum derivatives, mainly parabens and mineral oil, can also cause various skin rashes and reactions. Contact dermatitis, is a type of skin inflammation that has symptoms comparable to those of eczema. According to statistics, five to nine percent of men have been affected by contact dermatitis and thirteen to fifteen percent of women have been affected. Irritant contact dermatitis occurs when substances come into direct contact with a persons skin causing inflammation and irritation; irritant contact dermatitis maintains the role of the most common type of contact dermatitis. It usually causes itching, swelling, oozing, dryness and crusting. A case of allergic contact dermatitis takes place when the immune system becomes provoked after repeated exposure to a substance causing an allergic reaction which could take place around two days after exposure. Contact urticaria takes place immediately after contact with an irritable substance, causing extremely itchy welts. Contact urtica ria can be an irritant or an allergic reaction, be that as it may, an allergic reaction can follow an irritant reaction. Chronic cumulative irritancy occurs most of the time through repeated contact with mild cleansing agents such as detergents and soaps. Research that took place between 1972 and 1983 discovered that facial makeup, skin and hair care products caused the bulk of contact dermatitis reactions in the volunteers observed. The most common causes of contact dermatitis in the participants studied in order were fragrances and parabens. Due to the fact that petroleum products stand as such harmful chemicals, several countries including Norway, Finland, Australia and France have all set laws banning at least one type of petroleum based food coloring. Most certified food colorings possess petroleum bases; the differences between American foods that contain food coloring and European foods that use healthier options are drastic. The Center for Science and Public Interest (CSPI) is a non-profit group that specializes in innovative research on health and nutrition to equip consumers with valuable information about health and well being. The CSPI organization took a trip to Britain in 2008 and unearthed the variations of food coloring use. CSPI discovered that a McDonalds strawberry sundae receives its color from strawberries in Europe, whereas in America the sundae gets its color from red dye number forty. They also discovered that the European Fanta orange soda, unlike the American version which gets its color from the dyes yellow number six and red number forty, gets its orange hue from pumpkin and carrot juice. Barbara Brenner, the executive director of Breast Cancer Action, an education and advocacy organization working to cure breast cancer, said â€Å"I think it would be really interesting for people in the U.S. to learn what is being done in Europe. Because, here in America, there is something that amounts to hubris. To the extent that short-term profits are valued over life, there is a tragic flaw. Capitalism is killing us. The truth is that making our products safer is really in industrys interest, because the people who use the products would live longer, but nobody is taking a long term view (Schwartz-Nobel, 117).† The well-known cosmetics company Avon, claims to be involved in breast cancer research. It seems like a conflict of interest for cosmetic companies to be involved in the breast cancer field considering the chemicals they use, nevertheless, it seems to be a popular marketing strategy. Avon, like many other cosmetic companies, uses dangerous and untrusted chemicals and has continued to do so since 1886. Pharmaceutical companies that also use harmful chemicals, perform breast cancer research as well. But to actually discover a cure or learn how to prevent the disease would be against their financial interest. The same people that make a living treating these illnesses fund many of the health advocacy movements as well. The previously mentioned organization Breast Cancer Action decided to try and have Avon remove some of the harsh additives from their makeup, specifically parabens. Eighty-two of Avons products contain parabens. After purchasing one share of Avon and becoming a share holder, Breast Cancer Action approached three larger share holders and convinced them to hold a shareholder resolution requesting Avon to remove parabens completely from their products or using a nonestrogenic substitute. Avon replied soon after their request saying, â€Å"We believe that discontinuation of the use of parabens and replacement with an inferior preservative would present a potential health risk to our consumers that is neither necessary nor warranted (Schwartz-Nobel, 118).† This statement from the board of directors at Avon persuaded the other shareholders to vote against the proposal to remove parabens. The company Avalon, which markets the Alba, Avalon Organics, and UN-Petroleum brands of personal care products, went through a difficult but altogether rewarding process complying with the campaign for safe cosmetics toxic free pledge. They called this newly found objective, â€Å"consciousness in cosmetics†. Under new ownership at the time, the company struggled at the start. Morris Shriftman, senior vice president of marketing for Avalon, asked himself this question, â€Å"What do you do when you learn about something that can be dangerous, problematic and expensive? We had a rude awakening (Baker, 97).† After removing any additives that the European government has banned, the companys next step was eliminating any non renewable petroleum based ingredients. He goes on to say that, â€Å"We found a deeper value in what we do. And the world of consciousness in cosmetics has been very good from a business point of view (Baker, 98).† The companys sales skyrocketed up to forty million dollars. When the company announced it was being taken over by Hain Celestial group, a natural and organic food and personal care conglomerate, for twenty million dollars in 2006, Shriftman and his partners proved that even if cosmetic companies do not realize it, these companies gain no finances by using hazardous additives in their merchandise. And, that taking these chemicals out of products provides ethical as well as financial returns. On some occasions companies list petroleum products on the label, but companies only have to list an ingredient if it qualifies as a major allergen and companies do not have to declare ingredients that do not qualify as major allergens. Therefore, many companies that do not list all the ingredients used in their products for marketing purposes, hope that the potential customers that know the dangers of consuming petroleum will at least not know that their products contain it. Consumers must educate themselves on different chemicals, which products contain those chemicals, and whether the foods and products being used by them are truly safe. The consistent use of petroleum in foods and personal care products causes Americans various health issues such as anxiety and ADHD, skin irritations, reactions, rashes and cancer. Research proves that companies that have cut out petroleum derivatives from their products have an increased profit margin, yet most companies still ignore the fact that there is no long term value in using petroleum in food, makeup or personal care products as well. The American governments job is to protect the United States of America from all threats foreign and domestic; several organizations have proven that petroleum is a threat to society when consumed or applied to the skin. America should follow the example of other countries and should ban petroleum in food and skin products. At the very least, it should be law for companies to list specifically all added ingredients so that consumers have a choice as to what they use and consume every day.

Is it ethical to expel children carrying drugs or alcohol to school

Last year, over â€Å"1000 schoolchildren were suspended, excluded or expelled from New Zealand schools last year for drugs or alcohol-related offences, with the youngest aged 8† (Stuff, 2013). The Ministry of Education released figures showing that one In ten children who had action taken against them in relation to substances in the year 2012, was under 12 years of age (Stuff, 2013). The Education Amendment Act has come under scrutiny as It priorities the right to privacy of students.Effectively It means that schools would lose their authority to search and seize narcotics and conduct random drug tests. This, many educationalists argue, would worsen the problem. The ethical Issue that arises In this case amongst others Is whether schools should continue to retain their search and seizure powers or should the privacy of the students be given priority as per the Education Amendment Bill. Another key issue that is begging resolution is the dilemma of whether or not, children fo und in possession of drugs and alcohol, should be expelled or excluded.Is expulsion of a child found In possession of narcotics in the best Interests of society and the child In question? It is important to also mention that since most of the children procured the absences from a knowing or unknowing adult, should the adult be vicariously responsible for the child take responsibility and face the consequences Instead of letting the child take the fall? Is It not the responsibility of the parent to ensure that children stay away from vices until they are old enough to judge for themselves?Due 1 OFF expulsion and attempt to provide some insight into whether or not it is the best course of action to employ. Thomas Hobbes (1651) proposed the idea that â€Å"in order to flourish, we need a peaceful, cooperative social order† (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 0). Hobbes goes on to say that if there were no institutions to enforce order, we would be free to do whatever we wanted. This wo uld eventually lead to a state of perpetual chaos. He has called this state of chaos â€Å"the state of nature† and it's opposite â€Å"civil state† (Reaches & Reaches, 2010).This means that in order to live harmoniously, we must abide by a set of rules that are accepted by everyone and applies to everyone equally. Hobbes was of the opinion that the four basic facts about human life were the reason for the existence of this social contract. He theorized firstly, that each of us requires the same basic things in order to survive, secondly, scarcity is omnipresent and we need to work hard to produce the things we need. Third on the list is the equality of human power (united we stand, divided we fall).Finally, there is limited altruism, which implies that we cannot assume that others will stand down when their interests conflict with ours. Since we do not learn the accepted rules of society on our own, we have schoolteachers and parents who amongst other things teach us how to behave in a socially acceptable manner. School helps us learn to build and maintain relationships. Most importantly attending school empowers us with knowledge to survive in the real world. Take school out of the equation and that leaves Just parents.Now consider the case of a young child who has gotten himself expelled for being curious about his parent's secret drug stash. Unable to attend school, he might not realize the difference between a Joke and a crime because he is unaware of right and wrong, socially acceptable and unacceptable. He may develop an insecurity employ as he probably feels helpless and is shunned by his parents. These factors might lead him to become a criminal or worse, a drug addict. It is quite obvious that criminals and drug addicts are anti-social elements that need to be removed from the setting.It is safe to say that not all criminals are school dropouts however, most addicted to drugs haven't been educated about the consequences of substance abu se and are helplessly addicted. The Social Contract Theory maintains that we need a social order in order to flourish. The only way to eliminate most of anti-social elements is to ensure that kids found in possession of drugs or alcohol remain in school to learn how to behave appropriately, and eventually grow up to become conscientious and responsible adults.The theory of Utilitarianism as stated by Reaches & Reaches (2010) encompasses three categories. Firstly, actions can be Judged to be right or wrong depending on the consequences it brings about. Secondly, in terms of examining consequences, all that matters is the amount of happiness or unhappiness the action in question creates; person is more important than the other. This means that actions should be Judged as right or wrong depending on the amount of happiness or unhappiness everyone experiences as a consequence.Thus a deduction can be made that Utilitarian are essentially consequentialness, as they determine the ethical v alue based on an answer to the question â€Å"what would happen as a result of doing it? † (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 111). Utilitarianism is divided into two categories namely, Act and Rule Utilitarianism. Act Utilitarian believe that an action must be Judged by the consequences it causes (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 22). Rule Utilitarian believe that an action must be Judged on the consequence of the action becoming the norm that everyone lived by (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 18-119). Therefore it can be said that Utilitarianism Judges actions based on whether they yield the best consequences and happiness for everyone or not. Upon application of the Utilitarian approach to the issue of expulsion, the action of excluding children who are found in possession of narcotics or alcohol would produce two possible consequences. Firstly, because the child has been expelled, he ay lose interest in studying altogether. It is a proven fact that schools provide a protective environme nt that shields people from drug abuse (Bell, 2013).If they are unable to stay in that protected environment before entering the proverbial ‘real world' there is a chance that they may be negatively influenced and resort to a life of crime, drug abuse and other anti-social behavior. The second consequence of one child caught in possession of drugs being expelled could serve as an example to the other children. This might cause them to refrain from coming in contact with drugs earning punishment.Although the second consequence appears to be feasible, as many children would benefit from one child being expelled and being made an example of, it is not guaranteed that other children will not indulge in drugs and alcohol outside school. Also, going by Rule Utilitarianism, if expelling children became the norm, crime, unemployment and illiteracy rates would rise and this in turn would affect the entire nation negatively. Therefore, Act and Rule Utilitarian would agree that expelling children found in possession of narcotics would be very unethical, as it loud cause much more unhappiness than happiness.Also, since Utilitarian believe that everyone's happiness is equal, and that motives and intentions don't matter, causing unhappiness to one child and to the general population in the long run by expelling him from school is something they would advocate against. In conclusion, I have explored the idea of a Social Contract and the Utilitarian approach in terms of the case to determine whether or not expelling children found to be in possession of narcotics or alcohol is ethical. Taking into consideration theSocial Contract, and the possible consequences of Act and Rule based Utilitarianism I have deduced that expulsion or exclusion from school is not the best course of action. In order to suit everyone's interests, it is crucial that the kids remain in school where they have the opportunity to learn about narcotics and socially acceptable behavior in a controlled and protected environment. After all, they are children, unable to distinguish between right and wrong, and in this case, it is imperative that Children are the future of any country and it is our moral duty to ensure that all sections we take have their best interests at heart.

Barbie: the Early History by Erica Wolf Essay

Do you know anyone who has their own dream house, super fun pool house, pink convertible, or their own magical musical movies? No, I’m not talking about Paris Hilton or Lindsay Lohan, This girl is more classic, and more of a role model to every little girl around the world. She’s a fun, outgoing character with an outfit for every occasion. She’s Barbie. Today we will learn about this amazing doll and the affect she has had on toy industry. First we will examine the pink and perfect history of Barbie, then we will try on the many different characters in Barbie’s family, and finally we will hit the shelves to examine the marketing of Barbie merchandise. First we will examine the pink and perfect history of Barbie. Barbie was first introduced at the American International Toy Fair in New York in February of 1959 according to â€Å"Barbie: The Early History† by Erica Wolf last updated in 2000. Ruth and Elliot Handler, the creators of Barbie, modeled her after the German doll known as â€Å"Lilli.† Ruth discovered Lilli while shopping in Switzerland and brought her home for her daughter to play with. This inspired Ruth to create an adult doll made specifically for little girls. Handler eventually had Jack Ryan, an executive of Mattel, purchase the rights for Lilli and make a deal with the company to create a doll similar to Lilli. The new doll would have a more â€Å"soft† look and didn’t look as made up with makeup as Lilli. Finally, in 1958, the new doll, Barbie Millicent Roberts (named after Handler’s daughter, Barbara) was born. At 11  ½ inches tall, debuted as a teenage model in a black and white striped swimming suit that came with sunglasses, high-heeled shoes, and gold colored hoop earrings. The body was shapely with a movable head, arms, and legs. Barbie would be the first doll in America with an adult-like body. Though Barbie was thought to be a huge success, some people in America had a terrible reaction toward this new phenomenon. Many female adults frowned upon her mature body figure. Mothers said they would not allow their daughters to play with Barbie because of her very grown up figure. The doll quickly caught the attention of little girls across the country. Soon, the small, sophisticated doll became a worldwide sensation, and remains the top fashion doll today. Next, I am going to talk about the many different characters of Barbie. Including some of her friends, the different types of Barbies throughout the years, and the many outfits of Barbie. During the first decade of Barbie in the 60’s, there were themes that went with Barbie. Such as â€Å"Barbie Goes to College â€Å". In 1961, Ken was introduced. He wore swim trunks and an unbuttoned shirt, and came with blond, brown or black hair. Alternative clothes included a sailor’s outfit, a college student look and casual ensembles for picnics or movies. According to â€Å"Barbies of the 60s† by Amanda Hermes last updated in 2013, in 1963 Mattel released Barbie’s best friend, Midge, who had brunette hair and wore a sleek red swimsuit and red heels. Barbie’s little sister, Skipper, appeared in 1964, along with her own boyfriend, Allan. A year later, Barbie’s family grew to include twins Tutti and Todd followed by her more modern cousin, Francie, who also came in Japanese and African American versions. Christie, the first African American friend of Barbie’s, came along in 1968. In Barbie Doll History, there have been numerous types of Barbies made since she was first introduced. With a rare exception here and there, Barbie’s body hasn’t changed much. Some may have more moveable parts, but the size and shape remains the same. Her face however, is a different story. Vintage Barbies were made from 1959 to 1966. Vintage Barbies made from 1967 to 1973 are considered to be Mod Barbies. One of the most notable dolls in this era was Malibu Barbie. She represented a shift in Barbie’s evolution. She was made from 1971 to 1977. The next big shift in Barbie Doll History happened in 1977, when in the era of the Halter Dress and Farrah Fawcett hair; Barbie underwent a dramatic transition in the form of Superstar Barbie. Barbie’s were made with the big toothy smile and tons of long blonde hair for the rest of the 1970s, all of the 1980s and a large part of the 90s. Well-known designers such as Bob Mackie created many of the early collectible Barbie Dolls. One of Barbie’s first transformations after so many years with the Superstar face was with the â€Å"Mackie Face.† In 2000, Mattel introduced the Fashion Model Collection, also known a Silkstones. They use the vintage Barbie face and have been very successful with Barbie collectors. Barbie has undergone many changes and a lot of diversity over the last ten years. Now a variety of different skin tones, hair colors and face sculpts are used. Mattel released a series of twelve Black Label Basic Barbie Dolls, the next step in Barbie Doll History, each featuring different types of Barbie face sculpt. Finally, we will hit the shelves to examine the marketing of Barbie merchandise. Every second 2.5 Barbie dolls are sold. This contributes to sales of more than $1.5 billion U.S. annually, making Mattel’s Barbie the most successful doll in history. Today, women have active lifestyles, balancing career and home activities creating a very different taste in doll buyers. Mattel first failed to realize the importance of this shift in 2001 when MGA Entertainment released their Bratz dolls, a doll with personality and attitude for the new generation of girls. Mattel is still suffering today due to the invention of Bratz dolls. Not only did Mattel not recognize these threats, they also thought it unwise to make major changes to Barbie; afraid consumers might not like the changes. It was too late when they finally realized that not changing the look of Barbie would be a bad idea. In 2006, sales had dropped 30% despite rushed changes being made to Barbie’s figure, looks, boyfriends and clothing. They also introduced their own new line of modern dolls called â€Å"My Scene† girls. It was obvious to consumers that this was an imitation of the Bratz dolls, so it never matched popularity.